Original Research
Volume 5, Issue 3 •
2026
A Review Paper on Automatic Irrigation System using Soil Moisture Sensor
Prof. A. B. Saiyed Sir, Om D. kate, Nikita T. Mahanur, Prashant N. Rathod, Prathamesh V. Awathale, Dipak D. Meshram, Anuj R. Pujari, Mayank S. Ingole
Agriculture consumes about 70% of freshwater globally, yet traditional irrigation methods result in significant water wastage. This review paper analyzes various research works on automatic irrigation systems based on soil moisture sensors. The system automates the process of watering crops by sensing the moisture content of soil in real-time and controlling the water pump via a microcontroller. This paper compares different controllers like Arduino UNO, ESP8266, ESP32, and Raspberry Pi, different sensors like capacitive vs resistive, and IoT integration. The literature shows 40-60% water saving and 20-30% increase in crop yield. This system is low-cost, efficient and essential for sustainable farming in water-scarce regions like Maharashtra.