This study examined the effects of motivation on the performance of primary school teachers in selected schools in Serenje District, Central Province. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 113 respondents, including teachers, headteachers, and School Management Committee members, through questionnaires and focus group discussions. The findings showed that although teacher motivation was generally low, performance remained relatively good, with teachers demonstrating high morale through regular attendance and commitment to duties. The study established a positive relationship between both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and teacher performance, indicating that motivation plays a significant role in enhancing effectiveness. The study recommends improving teacher motivation through better salaries, allowances, provision of accommodation, strengthened supervision, and recognition of good performance.