This study developed the Programming Self-Efficacy and Debugging Anxiety Questionnaire (PSEDAQ) to assess first-year university students’ programming self-efficacy and debugging anxiety. The tool was found to be reliable, valid, and efficient through statistical analysis and student interviews.Results showed that students who performed well in previous programming exams had higher self-efficacy and lower anxiety. No significant differences were observed based on gender or prior programming experience. The questionnaire identified key areas such as general self-efficacy, debugging anxiety, and classroom-related confidence.The study concludes that PSEDAQ is a useful tool for understanding students’ learning challenges and improving programming achievement, though further refinement is recommended.